Changes for page KerberosAndLDAP

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1	1	= Debian =
2	2
3		-The guide I followed was https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos[[https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos]] which while it worked required some minor tweaks. I obtained edit privileges for the Debian Wiki and updated the guide with the fixes that I found. I however have a Synology NAS and that can run an LDAP Server. So this guide differs a little from the upstream Debian Guide.
	3	+The guide I followed was [[https:~~/~~/wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos>>https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos]] which while it worked required some minor tweaks. I obtained edit privileges for the Debian Wiki and updated the guide with the fixes that I found. I however have a Synology NAS and that can run an LDAP Server. So this guide differs a little from the upstream Debian Guide.
4	4
5		-I will assume that you have installed the LDAP Server package on your NAS and gone through initial configuration steps, so it has a domain, there is a DN you can bind as and so forth. The Synology NAS can be leveraged for a multitude of things, and running DNS, DHCP, WebServices and Containers are but a few.
	5	+First, install the packages containing the LDAP-enabled Kerberos servers ([[krb5-kdc-ldap>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-kdc-ldap]] and [[krb5-admin-server>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-admin-server]]) and the [[schema2ldif>>url:https://packages.debian.org/schema2ldif]] tool:
6	6
	7	+{{{ $ sudo apt install krb5-kdc-ldap krb5-admin-server schema2ldif }}}
7	7
8		-First, install the packages containing the LDAP-enabled Kerberos servers ([[krb5-kdc-ldap>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-kdc-ldap]] and [[krb5-admin-server>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-admin-server]]) and the [[schema2ldif>>url:https://packages.debian.org/schema2ldif]] tool on your Debian host:
9	9
10		-(% style="color:red" %)
11		-##{{{$ sudo apt install krb5-kdc-ldap krb5-admin-server schema2ldif}}}##
	10	+Then load the ##kerberos## schema:
12	12
	12	+{{{$ zcat /usr/share/doc/krb5-kdc-ldap/kerberos.openldap.ldif.gz | ldapadd -H ldap:~/~/nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com
13	13
14		-Then load the ##kerberos## schema:
	14	+adding new entry "cn=kerberos,cn=schema,cn=config"
15	15
16		-(% style="color:red" %)
17		-##{{{$ zcat /usr/share/doc/krb5-kdc-ldap/kerberos.openldap.ldif.gz | ldapadd -H ldap://nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W}}}##
18		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
19		-##{{{adding new entry "cn=kerberos,cn=schema,cn=config"}}}##
20		-##{{{$}}}##
	16	+}}}
21	21
22	22
23		-Having an index on the ##krbPrincipalName## improves performance and also suppresses some log messages if ##slapd## is configured to log more than default for the database(s) where you intend to store Kerberos data. As this is OpenLDAP on the Synology, it does not use ##mdb## format, it uses ##bdb##:
	19	+And add an index on the ##krbPrincipalName## (improves performance and also suppresses some log messages if ##slapd## is configured to log more than default) for the database(s) where you intend to store Kerberos data:
24	24
25		-(% style="color:red" %)
26		-##{{{$ ldapmodify -H ldap://nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF}}}##
27		-##{{{dn: olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config}}}##
28		-##{{{add: olcDbIndex}}}##
29		-##{{{olcDbIndex: krbPrincipalName eq,pres,sub}}}##
30		-##{{{EOF}}}##
31		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
32		-##{{{modifying entry "olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config"}}}##
33		-##{{{$}}}##
	21	+{{{# ldapmodify -H ldap:~/~/nas.fqhn <<EOF
34	34
	23	+dn: olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config
35	35
36		-Next, you need to create and configure two entries which will be used by the Kerberos servers to connect to OpenLDAP. As you will not run the Kerberos KDC and Admin Server on the same host as OpenLDAP, these steps are required. In order to keep things nicely separated, everything will be created under a separate ##organizationalUnit##.
	25	+add: olcDbIndex
37	37
38		-(% style="color:red" %)
39		-##{{{$ ldapadd -H ldap://nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF}}}##
40		-##{{{dn: ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
41		-##{{{objectClass: organizationalUnit}}}##
42		-##{{{objectClass: top}}}##
43		-##{{{ou: Services}}}##
44		-## ##
45		-##{{{dn: ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
46		-##{{{objectClass: organizationalUnit}}}##
47		-##{{{objectClass: top}}}##
48		-##{{{ou: kerberos}}}##
49		-## ##
50		-##{{{dn: uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
51		-##{{{uid: kdc}}}##
52		-##{{{objectClass: account}}}##
53		-##{{{objectClass: simpleSecurityObject}}}##
54		-##{{{userPassword: {CRYPT}x}}}##
55		-##{{{description: Kerberos KDC Account}}}##
56		-## ##
57		-##{{{dn: uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
58		-##{{{uid: kadmin}}}##
59		-##{{{objectClass: account}}}##
60		-##{{{objectClass: simpleSecurityObject}}}##
61		-##{{{userPassword: {CRYPT}x}}}##
62		-##{{{description: Kerberos Admin Server Account}}}##
63		-##{{{EOF}}}##
64		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
65		-## ##
66		-##{{{adding new entry "ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
67		-## ##
68		-##{{{adding new entry "ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
69		-## ##
70		-##{{{adding new entry "uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
71		-## ##
72		-##{{{adding new entry "uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
	27	+olcDbIndex: krbPrincipalName eq,pres,sub
73	73
	29	+EOF
74	74
75		-Now, it was at this point that I had a problem, because the LDAP server on the Synology did not like adding users with placeholder passwords, because Synology puts in place password policies. I ended up working around it using a different construct:
	31	+modifying entry "olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config"
76	76
77		-(% style="color:red" %)
78		-##{{{dn: cn=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
79		-##{{{sn: kadmin}}}##
80		-##{{{cn: kadmin}}}##
81		-##{{{objectClass: person}}}##
82		-##{{{objectClass: pwdPolicy}}}##
83		-##{{{pwdAttribute: userPassword}}}##
84		-##{{{pwdMinLength: 8}}}##
85		-##{{{pwdCheckQuality: 2}}}##
86		-##{{{pwdPolicySubentry: cn=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
87		-##{{{userPassword: {SSHA}<hashed password>}}}##
88		-##{{{description: Kerberos Admin Server Account}}}##
	33	+}}}
89	89
90		-and that seems to have worked out fine as my KDC is fully functioning.
91	91
92		-It required modifying the rest of the guide with the fact that it no longer was ##uid=kadmin## and ##uid=kdc##, but rather ##cn=kadmin## and ##cn=kdc##. The most important thing is that it works. As an aside, I am not sure it is required to have two nested Organisation Units, ##Services## and ##kerberos## - so I will likely re-deploy and get rid of the ##Services## Organisational Unit altogether. It shortens the DN's used for binds to LDAP and limits the risk for typos. I also find it highly unlikely that deploying this in a real organisation that there would be an existing Organisational Unit called '##kerberos##' while the risk for there being an existing department called '##Services##' is much more likely.
	36	+Next, you need to create and configure two entries which will be used by the Kerberos servers to connect to OpenLDAP. If you are running Kerberos and OpenLDAP on the same system, these steps are optional, but recommended. In order to keep things nicely separated, everything will be created under a separate ##organizationalUnit##. Note that a simple bind (##-x -D##) is used instead of an ##EXTERNAL## bind since write access to the dc=example,dc=com DIT is necessary:
93	93
94		-A note on the above workaround. In order to add a password policy on ##kadmin## and ##kdc## in LDAP, they have to have an attribute that is "physical". And when adding that object class the entries could no longer be a ##uid##. Hence the ##sn## and ##cn## parts. I spent a fair time looking things up as whenever I thought I made progress, something else turned out to be a blocker. When you create the ##{SSHA}## password hash, use ##slappasswd## from the ##slapd## package.
	38	+
	39	+{{{# ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF
	40	+dn: ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	41	+objectClass: organizationalUnit
	42	+objectClass: top
	43	+ou: Services
	44	+
	45	+dn: ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	46	+objectClass: organizationalUnit
	47	+objectClass: top
	48	+ou: kerberos
	49	+
	50	+dn: uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	51	+uid: kdc
	52	+objectClass: account
	53	+objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
	54	+userPassword: {CRYPT}x
	55	+description: Kerberos KDC Account
	56	+
	57	+dn: uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	58	+uid: kadmin
	59	+objectClass: account
	60	+objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
	61	+userPassword: {CRYPT}x
	62	+description: Kerberos Admin Server Account
	63	+EOF
	64	+Enter LDAP Password: SECRET
	65	+
	66	+adding new entry "ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	67	+
	68	+adding new entry "ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	69	+
	70	+adding new entry "uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	71	+
	72	+adding new entry "uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}
	73	+
	74	+
	75	+