Changes for page KerberosAndLDAP

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1		-{{toc/}}
2		-
3	3	= Debian =
4	4
	3	+The guide I followed was [[https:~~/~~/wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos>>https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos]] which while it worked required some minor tweaks. I obtained edit privileges for the Debian Wiki and updated the guide with the fixes that I found. I however have a Synology NAS and that can run an LDAP Server. So this guide differs a little from the upstream Debian Guide.
5	5
6		-The guide I followed was https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos[[https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup#Kerberos]] which while it worked required some minor tweaks. I obtained edit privileges for the Debian Wiki and updated the guide with the fixes that I found. I however have a Synology NAS and that can run an LDAP Server. So this guide differs a little from the upstream Debian Guide.
	5	+First, install the packages containing the LDAP-enabled Kerberos servers ([[krb5-kdc-ldap>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-kdc-ldap]] and [[krb5-admin-server>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-admin-server]]) and the [[schema2ldif>>url:https://packages.debian.org/schema2ldif]] tool:
7	7
8		-I will assume that you have installed the LDAP Server package on your NAS and gone through initial configuration steps, so it has a domain, there is a DN you can bind as and so forth. The Synology NAS can be leveraged for a multitude of things, and running DNS, DHCP, WebServices and Containers are but a few. I will also assume you have a Debian system (12.5 or later, though this guide should work with 11.x and likely 10.x as well) that will become your KDC and KAdmin server.
	7	+##$ sudo apt install krb5-kdc-ldap krb5-admin-server schema2ldif##
9	9
10		-I also recommend that you create actual ~#~#.ldif~#~# files rather than use here-documents as used in this guide. It is far easier to make adjustments to things if you have a file to edit rather than having to type it all out again or paste it and then have to try and make edits to it without making mistakes. The guide is for illustration and expectation is that you do not follow it verbatim but adapt it to your needs.
	9	+Then load the ##kerberos## schema:
11	11
	11	+{{{$ zcat /usr/share/doc/krb5-kdc-ldap/kerberos.openldap.ldif.gz | ldapadd -H ldap:~/~/nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com
12	12
13		-===== Install the packages containing the LDAP-enabled Kerberos servers ([[krb5-kdc-ldap>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-kdc-ldap]] and [[krb5-admin-server>>url:https://packages.debian.org/krb5-admin-server]]) and the [[schema2ldif>>url:https://packages.debian.org/schema2ldif]] tool on your Debian host: =====
	13	+adding new entry "cn=kerberos,cn=schema,cn=config"
14	14
15		-(% style="color:#400" %)
16		-##{{{$ sudo apt install krb5-kdc-ldap krb5-admin-server schema2ldif}}}##
	15	+}}}
17	17
18	18
19		-===== Load the ##kerberos## schema into the LDAP server on your Synology: =====
	18	+And add an index on the ##krbPrincipalName## (improves performance and also suppresses some log messages if ##slapd## is configured to log more than default) for the database(s) where you intend to store Kerberos data:
20	20
21		-(% style="color:#400" %)
22		-##{{{$ zcat /usr/share/doc/krb5-kdc-ldap/kerberos.openldap.ldif.gz | ldapadd -H ldap://nas.example.com/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W}}}##
23		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
24		-##{{{adding new entry "cn=kerberos,cn=schema,cn=config"}}}##
25		-##{{{$}}}##
	20	+{{{# ldapmodify -H ldap:~/~/nas.fqhn <<EOF
26	26
	22	+dn: olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config
27	27
28		-===== Create Index on krbPrincipalName: =====
	24	+add: olcDbIndex
29	29
30		-Having an index on the ##krbPrincipalName## improves performance and also suppresses some log messages if ##slapd## is configured to log more than default for the database(s) where you intend to store Kerberos data. As this is OpenLDAP on the Synology, it does not use ~#~###mdb~#~### format, it uses ##~#~#bdb~#~###. If you install ~#~#slapd~#~# on Debian, it uses ~#~#mdb~#~# format.
	26	+olcDbIndex: krbPrincipalName eq,pres,sub
31	31
32		-(% style="color:#400" %)
33		-##{{{$ ldapmodify -H ldap://nas.example.com/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF}}}##
34		-##{{{dn: olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config}}}##
35		-##{{{add: olcDbIndex}}}##
36		-##{{{olcDbIndex: krbPrincipalName eq,pres,sub}}}##
37		-##{{{EOF}}}##
38		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
39		-##{{{modifying entry "olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config"}}}##
40		-##{{{$}}}##
	28	+EOF
41	41
	30	+modifying entry "olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config"
42	42
43		-===== Create the two principals ~#~#kadmin~#~# and ~#~#kdc~#~#: =====
	32	+}}}
44	44
45		-Next, you need to create and configure two entries which will be used by the Kerberos servers to connect to OpenLDAP. As you will not run the Kerberos KDC and Admin Server on the same host as OpenLDAP, these steps are required. In order to keep things nicely separated, everything will be created under a separate ##organizationalUnit##.
46	46
47		-(% style="color:#400" %)
48		-##{{{$ ldapadd -H ldap://nas.fqdn/ -D uid=root,cn=users,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF}}}##
49		-##{{{dn: ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
50		-##{{{objectClass: organizationalUnit}}}##
51		-##{{{objectClass: top}}}##
52		-##{{{ou: Services}}}##
53		-## ##
54		-##{{{dn: ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
55		-##{{{objectClass: organizationalUnit}}}##
56		-##{{{objectClass: top}}}##
57		-##{{{ou: kerberos}}}##
58		-## ##
59		-##{{{dn: uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
60		-##{{{uid: kdc}}}##
61		-##{{{objectClass: account}}}##
62		-##{{{objectClass: simpleSecurityObject}}}##
63		-##{{{userPassword: {CRYPT}x}}}##
64		-##{{{description: Kerberos KDC Account}}}##
65		-## ##
66		-##{{{dn: uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
67		-##{{{uid: kadmin}}}##
68		-##{{{objectClass: account}}}##
69		-##{{{objectClass: simpleSecurityObject}}}##
70		-##{{{userPassword: {CRYPT}x}}}##
71		-##{{{description: Kerberos Admin Server Account}}}##
72		-##{{{EOF}}}##
73		-##{{{Enter LDAP Password:}}}##
74		-## ##
75		-##{{{adding new entry "ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
76		-## ##
77		-##{{{adding new entry "ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
78		-## ##
79		-##{{{adding new entry "uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
80		-## ##
81		-##{{{adding new entry "uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}##
	35	+Next, you need to create and configure two entries which will be used by the Kerberos servers to connect to OpenLDAP. If you are running Kerberos and OpenLDAP on the same system, these steps are optional, but recommended. In order to keep things nicely separated, everything will be created under a separate ##organizationalUnit##. Note that a simple bind (##-x -D##) is used instead of an ##EXTERNAL## bind since write access to the dc=example,dc=com DIT is necessary:
82	82
83	83
84		-Now, it was at this point that I had a problem, because the LDAP server on the Synology did not like adding users with placeholder passwords, because Synology puts in place password policies. I ended up working around it using a different construct:
	38	+{{{# ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com -W <<EOF
	39	+dn: ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	40	+objectClass: organizationalUnit
	41	+objectClass: top
	42	+ou: Services
85	85
86		-(% style="color:#400" %)
87		-##{{{dn: cn=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
88		-##{{{sn: kadmin}}}##
89		-##{{{cn: kadmin}}}##
90		-##{{{objectClass: person}}}##
91		-##{{{objectClass: pwdPolicy}}}##
92		-##{{{pwdAttribute: userPassword}}}##
93		-##{{{pwdMinLength: 8}}}##
94		-##{{{pwdCheckQuality: 2}}}##
95		-##{{{pwdPolicySubentry: cn=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com}}}##
96		-##{{{userPassword: {SSHA}<hashed password>}}}##
97		-##{{{description: Kerberos Admin Server Account}}}##
	44	+dn: ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	45	+objectClass: organizationalUnit
	46	+objectClass: top
	47	+ou: kerberos
98	98
99		-and that seems to have worked out fine as my KDC is fully functioning.
	49	+dn: uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	50	+uid: kdc
	51	+objectClass: account
	52	+objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
	53	+userPassword: {CRYPT}x
	54	+description: Kerberos KDC Account
100	100
101		-It required modifying the rest of the guide with the fact that it no longer was ##uid=kadmin## and ##uid=kdc##, but rather ##cn=kadmin## and ##cn=kdc##. The most important thing is that it works. As an aside, I am not sure it is required to have two nested Organisation Units, ##Services## and ##kerberos## - so I will likely re-deploy and get rid of the ##Services## Organisational Unit altogether. It shortens the DN's used for binds to LDAP and limits the risk for typos. I also find it highly unlikely that deploying this in a real organisation that there would be an existing Organisational Unit called '##kerberos##' while the risk for there being an existing department called '##Services##' is much more likely.
	56	+dn: uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com
	57	+uid: kadmin
	58	+objectClass: account
	59	+objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
	60	+userPassword: {CRYPT}x
	61	+description: Kerberos Admin Server Account
	62	+EOF
	63	+Enter LDAP Password: SECRET
102	102
103		-A note on the above workaround. In order to add a password policy on ##kadmin## and ##kdc## in LDAP, they have to have an attribute that is "physical". And when adding that object class the entries could no longer be a ##uid##. Hence the ##sn## and ##cn## parts. I spent a fair time looking things up as whenever I thought I made progress, something else turned out to be a blocker. When you create the ##{SSHA}## password hash, use ##slappasswd## from the ##slapd## package.
	65	+adding new entry "ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	66	+
	67	+adding new entry "ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	68	+
	69	+adding new entry "uid=kdc,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"
	70	+
	71	+adding new entry "uid=kadmin,ou=kerberos,ou=Services,dc=example,dc=com"}}}
	72	+
	73	+
	74	+